RESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: COVID-19 has brought challenges to the health of all mankind. It is particularly important to promote the construction of a 'Healthy China' and build a 'healthy community'. The aims of this study were to construct a reasonable conceptual framework for the Healthy City concept and to assess Healthy City construction in China. STUDY DESIGN: This study combined qualitative and quantitative research. METHODS: This study proposes the concept model of 'nature-human body-Healthy City' and accordingly constructs an evaluation index system for the construction of a Healthy City that integrates five dimensions, namely, the medical level, economic basis, cultural development, social services, and ecological environment to explore the spatial and temporal heterogeneity of Healthy City construction in China. Finally, the influencing factors of Healthy City construction patterns are explored using GeoDetector. RESULTS: (1) The pace of Healthy City construction is generally on the rise; (2) the construction of Healthy Cities exhibits significant global spatial autocorrelation and gradually increasing agglomeration. The spatial distribution of cold hotspot areas was relatively stable; (3) medical and health progress is an important factor; the level of economic development is the leading support; the endowment of resources and environment is the basic condition; public service support provides important support; and scientific and technological innovation capabilities provide technical support for the construction of a Healthy City. CONCLUSIONS: The spatial heterogeneity of Healthy City construction in China is evident, and the state of spatial distribution is relatively stable. The spatial pattern of Healthy City construction is shaped by a combination of factors. Our research will provide a scientific basis for promoting the construction of Healthy Cities and helping to implement the Health China Strategy.
RESUMEN
Contact tracing is the approach to identifying physical contact between human beings using a variety of data such as personal details and locations to discover the potential infection of diseases. Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, contact tracing has been used extensively to quarantine the people at risk to stop the spread. Moreover, the data collected during contact tracing are typical spatiotemporal data, which can be used to study the disease and discover the spread pattern. However, both traditional labor-intensive and modern digital-based approaches have limitations in terms of cost and privacy concerns. In this paper, we proposed GeauxTrace, a Blockchain-based privacy-protecting contact tracing platform, which separates private data from proof of contact. Sensitive data collected by the front-end app via Bluetooth-based methods are stored locally, and only the proofs of contacts are uploaded onto the immutable private blockchain, which forms a global contact graph at the backend. Our approach not only enables multi-hop risky users to be notified but also reveals the infection patterns via the global graph, which could help study diseases and assist the policymaker. Our implementation shows the feasibility of the proposed platform in real-world scenarios and achieves the performance of 20-30 user requests per second. © 2022 IEEE.
RESUMEN
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are phospholipid bilayer vesicles actively secreted by cells, that contain a variety of functional nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids, and are important mediums of intercellular communication. Based on their natural properties, EVs can not only retain the pharmacological effects of their source cells but also serve as natural delivery carriers. Among them, plant-derived nanovesicles (PNVs) are characterized as natural disease therapeutics with many advantages such as simplicity, safety, eco-friendliness, low cost, and low toxicity due to their abundant resources, large yield, and low risk of immunogenicity in vivo. This review systematically introduces the biogenesis, isolation methods, physical characterization, and components of PNVs, and describes their administration and cellular uptake as therapeutic agents. We highlight the therapeutic potential of PNVs as therapeutic agents and drug delivery carriers, including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, wound healing, regeneration, and antiaging properties as well as their potential use in the treatment of liver disease and COVID-19. Finally, the toxicity and immunogenicity, the current clinical application, and the possible challenges in the future development of PNVs were analyzed. We expect the functions of PNVs to be further explored to promote clinical translation, thereby facilitating the development of a new framework for the treatment of human diseases.Copyright © 2023 Chinese Pharmaceutical Association and Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
RESUMEN
By the end of2021,the Omicron mutant of SARS-CoV-2rapidly replaced the Delta mutant andbecame widely prevalent worldwide.Its S protein was mutated at36sites,resulting in significant changes invirulence and transmissibility,and was capable of immune escape.Both human and animal studies showed thatthe Omicron mutant was less virulent than the previous circulating strains.Vaccination is currently the mostcommon means of epidemic prevention and control.Studies have found that the protection of vaccines againstOmicron mutant strains has significantly decreased.Therefore,animal models are needed to evaluate theeffectiveness of new immunization strategies or specific/polyvalent vaccines against Omicron.Animalexperiments showed that booster immunization can prevent Omicron infection to a certain extent,which is one ofthe important directions to explore the immunization strategy against Omicron mutant.Besides,protective effectsof specific and polyvalent vaccines have also been preliminarily confirmed,and subsequent preclinical trials areprogressing.The development of polyvalent vaccines against existing and potential mutant strains is of greatsignificance for epidemic prevention and control.In laboratory conditions,using animal model to carry out livevirus attack experiment is a key technical means to verify the effectiveness of protective neutralizing antibody andvaccinein vivo.This article will review the research progress of vaccine against Omicron variant strain from thedirection of animal model
RESUMEN
Background and purpose: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was spreading all over the world. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) primarily invades and infects the lungs of humans leading to COVID-19. Mild to severe clinical symptoms such as fever, cough, and shortness of breath were existed in those patients. One of the most common changes in these patients was abnormal blood routine. However, uncertainty remains regarding the dynamic characteristics of platelet in COVID-19 patients due to limited data. Therefore, we aimed to analyze the association between dynamic characteristics of blood platelet and disease severity, and to identify new monitoring indicators to treat the COVID-19 patients.Methods:In this cohort study, 398 COVID19 patients treated in the Shenzhen Third People's hospital from December 16, 2019 to March 26, IP: 182.75.148.10 On: Thu, 20 Jan 2022 08:58:32 Copyright: American Scientific Publishers 2020 were collected and participated. All data of participants including the clinical characteristics, Delivered by Ingenta imaging and laboratory information were collected. All patients included in our study were classified as four groups (mild, common, severe, and critical types) regarding clinical symptoms and relevant severe failures based on the Diagnosis Criteria. Platelet count was examined at the baseline and every 3-5 days during hospitalization. Results: The platelet count varied with clinical classifications. The platelet count in mild type was normal without significant fluctuation. While the blood platelet count of most common and severe patients had obvious fluctuations, showing as a dynamic change that first rose and then fell to the level at admission, which was consistent with the trend of lung inflammation. Bone marrow smears further showed that bone marrow hyperplasia was normal in mild, common and severe type patients, and megakaryocytes and their platelet-producing functions were not abnormal. Conclusions: Our results suggested that the dynamic changes of platelet count might be a predictor of lung inflammation alteration for COVID-19 patients. The changes in platelet count might be a responsive pattern secondary to lung inflammation. The function of bone marrow may be slightly affected by SARS-CoV-2 infection.
RESUMEN
Objective: To evaluate the droplets and aerosols, posing potential risks of infection transmission of COVID-19 disease in dentistry. Material and Methods: PubMed, Embase, ISI, Scopus, Medicine have been used to search for articles between September 2019 to December 2020. Data extracted from the studies were included, study, study design, sample size, Sample collection time, Hallway Air Samples (copies/L of air), Personal Air Samples (copies/L of air). Effect size with 95% confidence interval (CI), fixed effect model, Inverse-variance methods were calculated. The Meta-analysis was evaluated with Stata/MP v.16 statistical software (The fastest version of Stata). Results: According to the purpose of the study, 64 articles were found;studies that did not meet the inclusion criteria were excluded from the study;the full text of 11 studies was reviewed. Finally, two studies were selected. The effect size of airborne COVID-19 concentrations of the hallway and personal air samples was 64% copies/L of air (ES, 0.64 95% CI=-1.45-2.73) and 100% copies/L air (ES, 1.00 95% CI=-1.77-3.76), respectively. Conclusion: Evidence of aerosol transmission of COVID-19 in observational studies of patients with COVID-19 was 64% copies/L of air and 100% copies/L of air in the hallway and personal air samples, respectively.